VPN overview
	What is a VPN? What is an IP VPN? VPNs vs. Private Data Networks, Internet VPNs, Intranet VPNs, Remote access VPNs, Site to site VPNs, VPN benefits and disadvantages.
	 
	VPN Tunnelling
	VPN components, VPN tunnels, tunnel sources, tunnel end points, hardware based VPNs, Firewall based VPNs, software based VPNs, tunnelling topologies, tunnelling protocols, which tunnelling protocol should you use? requirements of tunnels.
	 
	VPN security components
	Critical VPN security requirements, Encryption and authentication, Diffie Hellman, DES, 3DES, RSA, PKI, Ca server types, pre shared keys versus certificates, Enrolling with a CA, RADIUS in VPNs.
	 
	PPP
	Encapsulation, operation, authentication.
	Hands on Setting up PPPoE and analysing PPP packets.
	 
	PPTP
	Overview, Components, How it works, control and data connections, GRE.
	Hands on Building a PPTP VPN.
	 
	L2TP
	Overview, components, how it works, security, packet authentication, L2TP/IPSec, L2TP/PPP, Layer 2 versus layer 3 tunnelling.
	Hands on Implementing a L2TP tunnel.
	 
	IPSec
	AH, HMAC, ESP, transport and tunnel modes, Security Association, use of encryption and authentication algorithms, manual vs automated key exchange, NAT and other issues.
	Hands on Implementing an IPSec VPN.
	 
	Intranet VPNs
	Headers, architecture, label switching, LDP, MPLS VPNs.
	 
	VPN products and services
	PE and CPE, management, various VPN products.
	 
	VPN issues and architectures
	VPN architectures: terminate VPN before/on/ after/in parallel with firewall, resilience issues, VRRP, performance issues, QoS and VPNs. documentation..