Introduction to Programming Azerbaijan Eğitimi

Who Should Attend?

• A desire to learn programming.
• Basic math and algorithm skills would be helpful

• Understand the purpose and importance of programming in solving real-world problems and automating tasks.
• Differentiate between compiled and interpreted programming languages and identify their common use cases.
• Use core programming concepts, including data types, variables, operators, and expressions, to write simple programs.
• Create variables to store and manage different data types in a program.
• Apply arithmetic, comparison, and logical operators to perform operations and evaluate expression
• Construct conditional statements, including if, else if, else, and switch, to handle decision-making in programs.
• Build programs that incorporate nested and chained conditionals for solving more complex problems.
• Use debugging techniques to identify and fix logical errors in simple programs.

1. Introduction
   • Definition & Purpose of Programming
     • What is programming and why do we do it?
     • How programming solves real-world problems
     • Evolution and brief history
2. Programming Languages & Basic Environment Setup
   • What Are Programming Languages?
     • Definition and purpose of programming languages
     • Types of Programming Languages - Procedural, Object-Oriented, Scripting, Functional
     • Compiled vs. Interpreted languages (high-level)
     • Brief mention of popular languages (Python, JavaScript, C++, etc.)
   • Environment Setup
     • Selecting a code editor (e.g., VS Code, Sublime, online playgrounds)
     • Brief mention of installing the required runtime or interpreter for a programming language (e.g., Python, Node.js, Java)
     • Creating code files and saving them with appropriate extensions
     • Running code from the command line vs. integrated terminals
     • Simple demonstration of creating and running a generic “Hello World” file
   • Structure of Code
     • Common parts of a program
     • How programming languages have syntax (rules) and semantics (meaning)
     • What is syntax?
     • Importance of indentation
     • Code comments
     • General structure of a simple program (pseudocode)
3. Data Types & Variables
   • Data Type Fundamentals
     • Definition and purpose
     • Primitive data types (numbers, strings, booleans)
     • Non-primitive or composite data types (high-level mention, e.g., arrays/objects)
     • Memory concept: how data is stored (conceptually)
   • Variable Declaration & Initialization
     • What are variables?
     • Purpose of storing data in variables
     • Common declaration keywords (e.g., var, let, const or equivalents in other languages)
     • Naming conventions and best practices
   • Working with Variables
     • Updating and reassigning values
     • Combining variables in expressions (e.g., string concatenation or numeric calculations)
     • Basic examples of variable usage in a small snippet (pseudocode)
4. Operators & Expressions
   • What Are Operators?
     • Definition and purpose
     • Types of Operators
   • Arithmetic Operators
     • Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, modulus
     • Operator precedence (order of operations)
   • Comparison Operators
     • Greater than, less than, equality vs. strict equality (conceptual differences)
     • Logical operators (AND, OR, NOT)
     • Truthy/falsy concepts in a general sense
   • Expressions & Evaluations
     • Combining variables and operators to form expressions
     • Evaluating an expression to produce a result
     • Example scenarios (calculations, comparisons, etc.)
5. Control Flow (Conditionals)
   • What Are Conditionals?
     • Explanation
     • How programs use conditions to respond to different situations
   • If/Else Statements
     • General structure (if, else if, else)
     • When to nest vs. when to chain else-if
     • Complexity considerations and code organization
   • Switch/Case (Conceptual)
     • Differences compared to if/else
     • Typical use cases (multiple distinct cases)
     • Break and default statements (behavior and necessity)
6. Functions
   • Introduction to Functions
     • What are functions?
     • Purpose of functions (reusability, organization of code)
     • How functions solve problems by breaking them into smaller tasks.
     • Definitions: parameters vs. arguments
     • Returning values vs. side effects
   • Function Syntax
     • Example function declaration in pseudocode (parameters, body, return statement)
     • Calling functions and passing arguments
     • Best practices in function naming and scoping (local vs. global concept)
     • Concept of "scoping" in a program 
     • Difference between the scopes
7. Loops & Iteration
   • What Are Loops?
     • Definition and Purpose
     • Why loops are used (e.g., processing collections of data, automating repetitive tasks).
   • Loop Types (Conceptual)
     • While loops and do-while loops (differences in checking conditions)
     • For loops (count-based iteration)
     • Nested loops (when to use and when to avoid complexity)
     • While Loop
     • Do-while loop
     • Reverse Loop
   • Loop Control
     • Break and continue statements (high-level)
     • Infinite loops (what they are and how to avoid them)
8. Basic Data Structures
   • What Are Data Structures?
     • Definition and Purpose
     • Why they are important in programming
   • Arrays/Lists
     • Storing multiple items in a single structure
     • Array/ List with singular data types
     • Array/ List with multiple data types
     • Indexing and accessing elements (conceptual)
9. Debugging
   • Debugging Fundamentals
     • Types of errors (syntax, runtime, logic)
     • Reading error messages 
     • Using print/log statements for debugging