Day 1
IT security and secure coding
- Nature of security
- What is risk?
- IT security vs. secure coding
- From vulnerabilities to botnets and cybercrime
- Nature of security flaws
- Reasons of difficulty
- From an infected computer to targeted attacks
- The Seven Pernicious Kingdoms
- OWASP Top Ten 2017
Web application security
- Injection
- Injection principles
- SQL injection
- Exercise – SQL Injection
- Exercise – SQL injection
- Typical SQL Injection attack methods
- Blind and time-based SQL injection
- SQL injection protection methods
- Other injection flaws
- Command injection
- Command injection exercise – starting Netcat
- Case study – ImageMagick
- Cookie injection / HTTP parameter pollution
- Exercise – Value shadowing
- Broken authentication
- Session handling threats
- Session fixation
- Exercise – Session fixation
- Session handling best practices
- Setting cookie attributes – best practices
- Sensitive data exposure
- Transport layer security
- XML external entity (XXE)
- XML Entity introduction
- XML bomb
- Exercise – XML bomb
- XML external entity attack (XXE) – resource inclusion
- XML external entity attack – URL invocation
- XML external entity attack – parameter entities
- Exercise – XXE attack
- Preventing entity-related attacks
- Case study – XXE in Google Toolbar
- Broken access control
- Typical access control weaknesses
- Insecure direct object reference (IDOR)
- Exercise – Insecure direct object reference
- Protection against IDOR
- Case study – Facebook Notes
- Failure to restrict URL access
- Security misconfiguration
- Configuration management
- Hardening
- Patch management
- ASP.NET components and environment overview
- Insecure file uploads
- Exercise – Uploading executable files
- Filtering file uploads – validation and configuration
- Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
- Persistent XSS
- Reflected XSS
- DOM-based XSS
- Exercise – Cross Site Scripting
- Exploitation: CSS injection
- Exploitation: injecting the <base> tag
- Exercise – HTML injection with base tag
- XSS prevention
- Output encoding API in C#
- XSS protection in ASP.NET – validateRequest
- Web Protection Library (WPL)
Day 2
Web application security
- Insecure deserialization
- Deserialization basics
- Security challenges of deserialization
- Deserialization in .NET
- From deserialization to code execution
- POP payload targeting MulticastDelegate (C#)
- Real-world .NET examples of deserialization vulnerabilities
- Issues with deserialization – JSON
- Best practices against deserialization vulnerabilities
- Using components with known vulnerabilities
- Vulnerability attributes
- Common Vulnerability Scoring System – CVSS
Client-side security
- JavaScript security
- Same Origin Policy
- Cross Origin Resource Sharing (CORS)
- Exercise – Client-side authentication
- Client-side authentication and password management
- Protecting JavaScript code
- Exercise – JavaScript obfuscation
- Clickjacking
- Exercise – Do you Like me?
- Protection against Clickjacking
- Anti frame-busting – dismissing protection scripts
- Protection against busting frame busting
- AJAX security
- XSS in AJAX
- Script injection attack in AJAX
- Exercise – XSS in AJAX
- XSS protection in Ajax
- Exercise CSRF in AJAX – JavaScript hijacking
- CSRF protection in AJAX
- HTML5 security
- New XSS possibilities in HTML5
- HTML5 clickjacking attack – text field injection
- HTML5 clickjacking – content extraction
- Form tampering
- Exercise – Form tampering
- Cross-origin requests
- HTML proxy with cross-origin request
- Exercise – Client side include
.NET security architecture and services
- .NET architecture
- Code Access Security
- Full and partial trust
- Evidence classes
- Permissions
- Code access permission classes
- Deriving permissions from evidence
- Defining custom permissions
- .NET runtime permission checking
- The Stack Walk
- Effects of Assert()
- Class and method-level declarative permission
- Imperative (programmatic) permission checking
- Exercise – sandboxing .NET code
- Using transparency attributes
- Allow partially trusted callers
- Exercise – using transparency attributes
Practical cryptography
- Cryptosystems
- Elements of a cryptosystem
- Symmetric-key cryptography
- Providing confidentiality with symmetric cryptography
- Symmetric encryption algorithms
- Block ciphers – modes of operation
- Other cryptographic algorithms
- Hash or message digest
- Hash algorithms
- SHAttered
- Message Authentication Code (MAC)
- Providing integrity and authenticity with a symmetric key
- Random numbers and cryptography
- Cryptographically-strong PRNGs
- Hardware-based TRNGs
- Asymmetric (public-key) cryptography
- Providing confidentiality with public-key encryption
- Rule of thumb – possession of private key
- Combining symmetric and asymmetric algorithms
- Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)
- Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attack
- Digital certificates against MitM attack
- Certificate Authorities in Public Key Infrastructure
- X.509 digital certificate
Day 3
Common coding errors and vulnerabilities
- Input validation
- Input validation concepts
- Integer problems
- Representation of negative integers
- Integer overflow
- Exercise IntOverflow
- What is the value of Math.Abs(int.MinValue)?
- Integer problem – best practices
- Case study – Integer overflow in .NET
- Path traversal vulnerability
- Path traversal mitigation
- Case study – Insufficient URL validation in LastPass
- Unvalidated redirects and forwards
- Unsafe native calls
- Exercise – Unsafe unmanaged code
- Unsafe reflection
- Implementation of a command dispatcher
- Unsafe reflection – spot the bug!
- Mitigation of unsafe reflection
- Log forging
- Some other typical problems with log files
- Improper use of security features
- Typical problems related to the use of security features
- Insecure randomness
- Weak PRNGs in .NET
- Password management
- Exercise – Weakness of hashed passwords
- Password management and storage
- Special purpose hash algorithms for password storage
- Argon2 and PBKDF2 implementations in .NET
- bcrypt and scrypt implementations in .NET
- Case study – the Ashley Madison data breach
- Typical mistakes in password management
- Exercise – Hard coded passwords
- Accessibility modifiers
- Accessing private fields with reflection in .NET
- Exercise Reflection – Accessing private fields with reflection
- Improper error and exception handling
- Typical problems with error and exception handling
- Empty catch block
- Overly broad catch
- Using multi-catch
- Catching NullReferenceException
- Exception handling – spot the bug!
- Exercise – Error handling
- Exercise – Information leakage through error reporting
- Time and state problems
- Concurrency and threading
- Concurrency in .NET
- Omitted synchronization – spot the bug!
- Exercise – Omitted synchronization
- Incorrect granularity – spot the bug!
- Exercise – Incorrect granularity
- Deadlocks
- Avoiding deadlocks
- Exercise – Avoiding deadlocks
- Lock statement
- Serialization errors (TOCTTOU)
- TOCTTOU example
- Exercise – Race condition
- Exercise – Exploiting the race condition
- Code quality problems
- Dangers arising from poor code quality
- Poor code quality – spot the bug!
- Unreleased resources
- Serialization – spot the bug!
- Exercise – Serializable sensitive
- Private arrays – spot the bug!
- Private arrays – typed field returned from a public method
- Class not sealed – object hijacking
- Exercise – Object hijacking
- Immutable string – spot the bug!
- Exercise – Immutable strings
- Using SecureString
Principles of security and secure coding
- Matt Bishop’s principles of robust programming
- The security principles of Saltzer and Schroeder
Knowledge sources
- Secure coding sources – a starter kit
- Vulnerability databases
- .NET secure coding guidelines at MSDN
- .NET secure coding cheat sheets
- Recommended books – .NET and ASP.NET
Exam Information
This is a NCSC Certified Training Course. The exam is a Proctor-U APMG exam for the Certificate , which will be taken by delegates in their own time after the course. Delegates will receive individual emails to access their AMPG candidate portal, typically available two weeks post exam.
Learners get two weeks access to the Avatao digital platform to practice what they have learnt in the classroom.
About the course author
Role
SCADEMY works together with security specialists since 2014 in order to spread the word worldwide that secure coding is something that all developers who work with source code must be aware of. One of our senior trainers, Sandor Kardos is with SCADEMY since the beginning, and he has delivered the highest number of security training courses among our team of trainers. With seven years of experience as a senior trainer he became an expert in IT Security. With security breaches occurring throughout the world, there is much need to learn about Web security and secure coding. Sandor is one of the best instructors, who is up to date, thoughtful and delivers fabulous courses – as one of his ex-students evaluated his performance after the course.
Background
Since his childhood, Sandor has been extremely interested in computers. He started to read a book about programming when he was 13, and he learned assembly coding just by himself. He now holds a degree in Computer Science from the Budapest University of Technology and Economics (BUTE), and he also was a PhD student at the same university. After finishing his studies, Sandor worked as a research fellow, and published several research papers in the field of wireless communication (Bluetooth), TCP/IP, and ISP pricing. He also worked as a lecturer at BUTE, teaching subjects like Traffic Information Technology, C/C++ programming and Relational Database Handling. Software development also played an important role in Sandor’s professional life. He participated in different interesting projects like creating a pothole locator app for the Hungarian Public Roads company, an NFC-payment app, an insurance claims manager app, and a barcode validator app for major companies in Hungary. He also was the lead developer for the Android Smartbank application of the largest and oldest Bank in Hungary, OTP Bank. For the last 8 years he has fully dedicated himself to teaching. He has delivered courses all over the world: from Canada to China with great success.
Passion
Sandor’s passion is teaching. He really has a talent for education, and he enjoys explaining complex concepts clearly. He is the kind of person who always strives to find the most effective ways to transfer knowledge. Regarding IT Security, his favourite subjects are secure coding and cryptography. Sandor is also passionate about artificial intelligence. Technology must serve our daily life and make it smoother and easier – this is his motto. When not engaged in teaching, Sandor is thinking about creating intelligent machines that can help people and make our life easier.
